The three laws
Newton's first law of motion refers to inertia. This law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will maintain in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. This law can be shown by a football. If there is a football just lying on the ground, it is going to stay there unless a force is applied to it. If a football player would come and kick it, that would cause the amount of force being applied to change, and cause the football to move. A large factor in this law is friction. Friction is defined as a special type of force that opposes motion, and is ALWAYS in the opposite direction of the applied force. This can be broken down even more by taking it a step farther and breaking the friction down into static and kinetic friction. Static is the force that keeps things from moving, and kinetic is what causes an object to stop.
Newton's second law of motion allows us to figure out the force of an object. The second law states that Force (N) = Mass (kg) * Acceleration (m/s/s). This equation allows us to determine the force of many things, and is fairly simple to use. Many people already know this law without realizing it. It is pretty much common sense that something that has more mass, is going to need a larger force applied to it to make it move. An example of this law would be: What is the net force necessary for a 1500 kg automobile to accelerate forward at 4.0 m/s/s? This can be solved by plugging in the given amounts, and simply solving for "F". F= 1500 kg * 4.0 m/s/s would be the correct way to set up this equation. When you solve this you would find that the force (F) would equal 6000 N forward. You have to include a direction in these equations because they are considered to be vectors.
The last of the three laws that Newton discovered states for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction force. This comes into play with the "egg drop" project. When the egg is dropped from the top of the bleachers a gravitational force is being forced upon it which is what causes to to fall. However, when the egg hits the ground there is an impact force acting on it as well that causes it to "sit" or stay on the ground and not just keep falling. Another good example of this law is plain everyday walking. When you are walking there is the gravitational force that pushes you down to stay on the road, but there is also however the impact force of the ground holding you up. Newton's third law is what allows us to complete our everyday lives, without floating off into space.